Report for North Manitou (Michigan) - 1910
| General |
| District: | 9th |
| Inspector: | Francis J. Otter, Draftsman, |
| Location: | On point making off to E'd from SE'ly part of North Manitou Island, MI., NE'ly part of Lake Michigan. Mar. var 0 degrees 15' W 1908 |
| Date of Report: | 03/03/1910 |
| Latitude: | 45° 03' 47" N |
| Longitude: | 85° 57' 48" W |
| Premises |
| Site: | Purchase by condemnation consideration #487-41, original plat was entire trac Src 23 tp 31 N R14W 16 acres more or less |
| Date of Reservation: | |
| Date of Deed: | 08/07/1899 |
| Date of Permission: | 09/03/1899 |
| Date of Lease: | |
| Area of the Entire Site: | Original plat 16 acres; land made since by accretion, about 44 acres |
| Area Inclosed: | 149' x 450' inclosing station bldgs except boathouse. |
| Character of Soil: | Gravel & sand |
| Distance of tower from Nearest High-Water Mark: | Ne corner of tower to shoreline 300' |
| Inclosures to Premises / Type of Fence: | Fences of cap & top board construction with 3 strands of galvanized twisted ribbon wire, fences painted red, & inclose all station bldgs except boathouse; N 426' 4" & barn 24'; S 450'; W 123' 4" & barn 28'; E 148' 3" |
| Wharf or Landing on Premises: | Landing crib of logs 10' x 32' is located on S side of premises. |
| Road to Land or Wharf Chararacter of and Distance: | 2' concrete walk from dwelling to gate in fence & then from gate a 12" plankwalk 67' long to boathouse. From SW corner of tower to boathouse 808' 6" |
| Means to Reach Light Station: | By mail boat from Leland, MI., during most of year & by Northern Mich. Line Steamers during summer months. |
| Distance to Nearest Road: | Steamboat landing 4 miles by water, 4.5 miles by land. |
| Distance to Post Office: | 4 miles by water, 4.5 miles by land. |
| Distance to Village: | Settlement 4 miles by water from station. |
| Facilities for Public Conveyance: | None |
| Facilities for Private Conveyance: | By team or gasoline launch |
| Means Used for Support of Lantern: | Wooden tower |
| Number of Separate Lights: | One |
| First Built or Established: | Light, 1898; Fog Signal Nov. 25, 1896 |
| Last Rebuilt, Repaired, or Renovated: | |
| Condition at This Date: | Good |
| Shape of Tower in Plan: | Square |
| Form of Tower: | Polygonal |
| Height from Base to Ventilator Ball: | 65' 6"; From base to focal plane 60' |
| Height of Focal Plane Above Mean High Water: | 70' |
| Background of Lighthouse as Seen from Sea: | Water on N, E, & S sides, trees & foliage on W side. |
| Color of Tower: | White |
| Color of Tower/ How Produced: | White lead & oil paint |
| Tower Connection: | Detached tower is 175' E 1/4 S of dwelling. |
| Object of Navigation: | Lake coast light for general navigating purposes. |
| Building Materials: | Frame work of wood covered with corr. iron. |
| General Description: | |
| Wall Thickness at Base: | 12 x 12" posts covered with 7/8" sheathing & corrugated iron. |
| Wall Thickness at Parapet: | 12 x 12" posts covered with 7/8" sheathing & siding. |
| Diameter at Base: | 24' 8" x 24' 8" square, outside measure at base. |
| Diameter at Parapet: | 10' 4" x 10' 4" square |
| Kind of Stairway and Steps: | Wood, 2' x 12" stringers, 2' x 12" treads, 8" rise. |
| Number of Landings: | 3, Floor of tower base to floor of watchroom. |
| Size of Glass: | 10" x 12" & 10" x 14" |
| Number of Windows and Size of Sash: | 24.5" x 28.5"; 2 in watchroom 25" x 33", 1 3/8" sash. |
| Number of Doors: | 3, entrance at base, 2' 10" x 6' x 1 3/8"; watchroom 2' 8" x6' 8" x1 3/4"; closet 2' x 6' 8" x1 3/8" |
| Kind of Foundation and Depth Below Surface: | Tower is supported on 8 concrete piers 4 - 2' x 2' x 5' & 4 - 1' 6" x 1' 6" x 5' |
| Character of Soil Surrounding the Lighthouse: | Sand & gravel |
| Soil Susceptibility: | Not susceptible of being protected by grass, shrubbery or trees. |
| Miscellaneous Remarks: |
| Lantern and Fixtures |
| Order of Lantern: | 4th |
| Shape of Lantern: | Cylindrical |
| Diameter to Glass: | 7' 7 9/16" |
| Diameter in the Clear: | 7 8/16" |
| Number of Sides: | Circular, 8 sections |
| Type of Bars: | Helical |
| Thickness of Bars: | |
| Height Glazed: | 3' |
| Number of Plates in Height: | 1 & 2 half sections in alternate panels |
| Number of Plates Each Side: | 6 full & 16 half plates |
| Thickness of Plates: | 1/4" |
| Size of Plates: | See drawings for regular 4th, 5th & 6th lanterns |
| Number of Storm Panes: | None |
| Unglazed Side of Lantern: | No unglazed side |
| What Bearings: | Arc of illumination 360 degrees |
| Construction Material Lantern: | Cast iron & plate glass |
| Construction Material Roof / Cowl: | Of cast iron in 8 sections |
| Ventilator / Cowl: | Cast iron |
| Lightning Spindle: | Copper spindle with 5.5" platinum point. |
| Description of Lightning Rod: | 3/16" x 1.5" copper band secured to base of lantern carried down NW corner of tower to vitrified crock (6") filled with coke & thru crock to moisture, length abt 75' |
| Balustrade: | Balustrade of 6" x 6" turned posts, 3" x 4" handrail & 2.5" x 3" guard. Gallery 14' square with 2' 10" octagon angles. |
| Lantern Doors: | Cast iron with glazed panel, hinged to swing out. |
| Floor of Lantern: | Wood, Georgia Pine. |
| Watchroom Doors: | Room below lantern is used as drawing room, not as watchroom. No watchroom. |
| Parapet Diameter: | Circular, 7' dia. |
| Ventilators |
| Location / Number: | In parapet wall, 4 in number in alternate sections. 8" brass face, 6" shutter. Reg. radial pattern. |
| Ladders / Cleaning Arrangement: | None required |
| Curtain Hooks / Hanger: | None, spring shade rollers in use, 12 in number. |
| Illuminating Apparatus |
| Kind of Apparatus: | About 5 hours, mach. wound every 2.5 hrs. |
| Intensity in Candles: | |
| Name of Maker: | L. Sautter and Cie |
| Year Made: | |
| Marks and Number: | L. Sautter and Cie, Constructeurs a Paris. |
| Order of Apparatus: | 4th |
| Inside Diameter: | 19 11/16" |
| Light Characteristic: | Flashing alternate red & white |
| Time of Revolution: | 60 sec. |
| Flash Interval: | 10 sec. |
| Duration of Flash: | 1 sec. |
| Arc of Each Fixed Part: | Lens has 6 panels of 60 degrees, each alternate panel has vertical red screen secured in front of panel. |
| Number of Panels: | 6 flash panels |
| Number of Flash Panels: | 6 |
| Arc of Each: | 60 degrees |
| Number of Elements in Central Drum: | 3 |
| Number of Prisms Above Center Drum: | 5 |
| Number of Prisms Below Center Drum: | 3 |
| Does Apparatus Revolve?: | True |
| Is There a Revolving Belt?: | False |
| Revolving Panels: | |
| How Flash is Produced: | By whole apparatus revolving; Pedestal runs on balls in metal raceways, operated by clockwork machinery & weights. |
| Number of Vertical Elements Panel: | |
| Fixed Lens Covered: | 3 flash panels covered by screens 12" x 29" |
| Pedestal: | Cast iron; shaft from lens apparatus runs down in pedestal to ball runways. |
| Service Table: | None in lantern |
| Draft Tube Description: | None; lens pattern of sheet metal in place over lens. |
| Revolving Machinery: | Machinery of clockwork variety run by weights. |
| Standby and Description: | |
| Chariot Float or Balls: | On balls |
| Chariot Description: | |
| Length of Drop Tube: | 41' 8" from tower floor at base to floor of room under lantern. |
| Clock Weight: | |
| Length of Winding Time: | About 5 hours, mach. wound every 2.5 hrs. |
| Drive During Rewind: | |
| Machinery Protection: | By brass & glass case |
| Regulated: | By fly governor |
| Lens Protection: | |
| How Color is Produced: | By vertical red screens in front of 3 of flash panels & by lamp in lens |
| Red Sectors Description: | |
| Where Color Attached: | Vertical red screens in front of 3 of flash panels. |
| Form of Colored Glass: | |
| Lamp Description: | 4th order, Funck-Heap |
| Type of Illuminant: | |
| Number of Spare Lamps: | 1. There are 3 lamps at station, 2 in constant use & 3 during long nights. |
| Number of Spare Burners: | Burners form part of lamp. |
| Candle Power: |
| Clock Cord Description |
| Revolving Cord: | |
| Size of Clock Cord: | |
| Length of Clock Cord: | |
| How Led: | Leads thru floor of lantern to sheave thru to sheave on E wall of rooom below lantern & down to drop tube. |
| Diameter and Length of Clock Drum: |
| Chariot Balls |
| Balls Description: | V grooves 2 7/8" apart |
| Cage to Separate Balls: | False |
| Number of Balls: | 20 |
| Diameter of Balls: | 3/8" |
| Vapor Oil Lamp |
| Number of Wicks or Mantels: | 1 wick |
| Diameter of Outside Wick: | 1.5" |
| Diameter of Mantel: | |
| Diameter of Circum Circle: |
| Closets and Store Rooms |
| Tower Closet Use: | Small closet in tower off room below lantern |
| Oil House Description: | 109' ENE of center line of dwelling, fitted with metal shelves |
| Oil House Inside Dimension: | 5' 4" x 7' 2" |
| Oil House Construction Material: | Red brick, plate & sheet metal |
| Oil House Capacity: | 72 5-gal cans. |
| Other (Describe): | Small closet off room below lantern, fitted with shelving & used for general purposes of tower supplies, viz: - chimneys, towelling, matches, etc, etc. |
| Suitability: | Dry & suited to purposes for which it was designed. |
| Fog Signal General |
| Fog Signal Kind: | 10" steam whistle operated by steam boiler & engines of design of 1896 |
| Time to Start: | Avg. 45 minutes |
| How Long Will Pressure Last: | |
| Manufacturer: | Kingsford Foundry & Machine Works, Oswego, NY |
| Year of Manufacture: | 1896 |
| Characteristic: | 5 sec blast with interval of 25 sec & repeat. |
| Duplication: | Whole apparatus is in duplicate |
| Timing Device: | Cam & worm gear on wheel of engine |
| If whistle, siren, or trumpet, Pressure at Which Blown: | 90# |
| Height Above Water: | 32' |
| Compass Direction: | |
| Location: | On point making off to W'd from SE'ly end of island. For general navigating purposes only. |
| Distance and Direction: | 83' NE by E 3/4 E from tower |
| Water Supply: | From well dug at E side of bldg. |
| Reached from Lighthouse: | By concrete walk, 3' wide. |
| Description of Fog Signal Building: | Bldg is of red brick, 22' 6" x 40' 1" x 12' 6" high to plate line, has 1/2 pitch roof, hipped, covered with corrugated iron. |
| Pressure And Recording Gauge: |
| Steam Signal |
| Steam Boiler: | Thomas Kingsford "Compact" Marine open bottom, semicircular head, 3/8" flange steel outer sheets, 5/16" & 3/8" flange sheets for firebox & combustion |
| Kind: | Marine |
| Tube: | Flue Tube |
| Dimensions: | Height 7' |
| Length: | 6' 6 3/4" |
| Diameter: | 4' 9 3/4" outside |
| Tube Description: | 102, 4 10 1/4" (net 4' 9") |
| Steam Tube Diameter: | 2.5" |
| Steam Furnace Kind: | Part of boiler, drop head |
| Furnace Length: | 5' |
| Furnace Width: | 4' 3" |
| Furnace Height: | 21" avg. |
| Steam Heat Surface: | 393.95 sq. ft. |
| Steam Grate Surface: | 21.25 sq. ft. |
| Number of Grate Bars: | 18 double, 5' length |
| Kind of Grate Bars: | Cast iron, double bars, spade end |
| Steam Fuel: | Bituminous when using coal; wood used at present |
| Steam Safety Valve: | Lever valve |
| Steam Maximum Pressure: | 125 # |
| Steam Working Pressure: | 90# |
| Steam Diameter of Smokestack: | 20" outside diameter |
| Smokestack Height: | 32' 4" |
| Drum Dimension: | 5' 3 1/4" outside |
| Steam Drum Diameter: | 2' 6.5" outside diameter. |
| Steam Covering: | None |
| Steam Boiler Condition: | Good |
| Steam Boiler Built: | 1896 |
| Where Built: | Oswego, NY |
| Manufacturer: | Kingsford Foundry & Machine Co. |
| Steam Heater: | False |
| Kind: | |
| Size: | |
| Heater Time Affect: | |
| Steam Engine Kind: | Upright, LH Board's design of 1883 with iron base |
| Steam Engine Revolutions: | |
| Steam Engine Cyl. Diameter: | 4" |
| Steam Engine Piston Stroke: | 9" |
| Steam Engine Pipe Size: | 3/4" |
| Steam Engine When Built: | 1896 |
| Steam Engine Where Built: | Oswego, NY |
| Manufacturer: | Kingsford Foundry & Machine Co. |
| Whistle Signal |
| Whistle Diameter: | 10 1/4" outside |
| Whistle Height: | 19" inside |
| Whistle Orifice: | |
| Whistle Tone: | Single |
| Whistle Chime: |
| Dwelling |
| Location: | Dwelling is 175' W 1/4 S of tower. |
| Coloring: | Red brick elevatioins, white trimmings, red shingle roof. |
| Construction Materials: | Brick & wood |
| Number of Rooms: | 6 rooms, pantry & 2 closets in each half, cellar under all. |
| Number of Dwellings: | |
| Heating Plant: | |
| Number of Keepers: | Keeper occupies S half of dwelling; 2 assts each have 1 floor of N half. |
| Furnished Quarters: | |
| NOT Furnished Quarters: | |
| Outhouses: | Barn, 24' x 28'; Boathouse 16' 4" x 36' 4"; Privy 6' 6" x 6' 6" |
| Outhouse Coloring: | Barn, red elevations & roof; Boathouse, buff elevations & red roof; Privy white elevs. & red roof |
| Paths and Walks: | Total of 618' 9" concrete walks 3' wide , fixed to all outbuildings except boathouse. |
| Area Inclosed: | 149' x 450'; with wire strand fence, having wood posts & cap & top boards. |
| Area of Garden: | None |
| Area Timber or Shrubbery: | About 1/4 on NW'ly end of reservation is covered with timber & shrubbery. |
| Cultivation Area Available: | None |
| Area Cultivated: | |
| Character of Surroundings: | Sandy & gravelly soil |
| Stove, Maker: | |
| Stove, Size: | |
| Sink, Maker: | |
| Sink, Size: | |
| Pump, Maker: | |
| Pump, Size: | |
| Lamps: |
| Water |
| How Procured: | From dug well for Fog Signal, & driven wells for domestic purposes. |
| Quality: | Good |
| Quantity: | Ample |
| Injury Possible: | Not liable |
| Purity Precaution: | No cistern at the station |
| Tank Capacity: | 595 gals, tank in Fog Signal bldg, 4' 6" dia x 5' |
| Tank Material: | Tank made of plate metal. |
| Distilling Apparatus: | False |
| Distilling Manufacturer: | |
| Well Description: | 3 driven wells; 1 each half of dwelling & 1 outside of dwelling. |
| Well Diameter: | 1 1/4" pipe |
| Well Lining: | Lining unnecessary |
| Pump or Bucket: | Pump |
| What Power Used: | |
| Distance from Dwelling: | Pump in Kitchen of either half of double dwelling. |
| Healthfulness |
| General Opinion: | Generally good health prevails |
| Diseases: | |
| Prevalency: | |
| Local Causes: | No swamps in vicinity of station. |
| Recommended Improvements: | Drainage unnecessary |
| Miscellaneous |
| Access to Lighthouse: | Boat landing is log crib 10' x 32' with bridging to inshore crib. Boathouse is frame structure 16' 4" x 36' 4" of board & batten finish. There is 1 plank walk 671' long from boathouse to S gate near dwelling. |
| Distance and Direction: | From SW corner of tower to NE corner of boathouse, distance is 808' 6"; direction about due W. |
| Miscellaneous Remarks: | There is a US Life-Saving Station 3 miles N'ly from Light station. |